• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, where the renewable energy plant has a mast (1), comprising a collecting umbrella (2) configured to open and close around the mast (1), a plurality of parapet plates (3) located around the mast (1) configured to emerge from the ground, and a distribution tank (27) that receives water from the collecting umbrella (2), connected both with a storage tank (28) as with a hydrogen tank (29), where the connection with the hydrogen tank (29) is made by a first conduit (39) with an electrolytic cell (30) to generate hydrogen to the water passage and take it to the hydrogen reservoir (29), and by a second conduit (40) with a hydrogen stack (33) to generate water and electricity from hydrogen from the hydrogen reservoir (29). (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding)
    公开号:ES2746030A1
    申请号:ES201830865
    申请日:2018-09-04
    公开日:2020-03-04
    发明作者:Gago David Tristan；De La Fuente Myriam Marcos
    申请人:Universidad de Valladolid；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    [0001] RAINWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM IN AN ENERGY PLANT
    [0002]
    [0003] Field of the Invention
    [0004] The present invention refers to a rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant that uses the collected rainwater to optimize the aforementioned renewable energy plant in which it is located through the possible use of said water to obtain hydrogen easily storable in hydrogen cells. The system object of the invention is applicable in the field of renewable energy, specifically in the field of wind and solar power plants.
    [0005]
    [0006] Background of the Invention
    [0007] The evolution of man has been marked by the different ways in which he has exploited the available resources. Since ancient times, the human being has resorted to the use of natural resources such as water, sun or wind for various tasks: agriculture, generation of movement
    [0008]
    [0009] Today, at the start of the fourth industrial revolution brought about by intelligent systems, natural resources still have great benefits to offer, especially in the energy field.
    [0010]
    [0011] The energy that the sun communicates to us, water and even the wind, are three natural resources that are used in the present invention. For this reason, we propose a brief analysis of each of them independently in order to understand the benefits of their integration.
    [0012]
    [0013] First of all, solar energy allows obtaining two sources of energy, thermal energy (heat) and electrical energy. Solar energy can be used to obtain thermal energy, using a solar cell for this, or to obtain electrical energy, in this case using photovoltaic cells. This electricity is being used, in the first instance, as a contribution to the network when there is high demand. However, when demand is stable there is an excess of energy in photovoltaic installations that is sometimes lost. The current challenge is to use or storage of said energy in order to transport it to areas with energy deficits or to dispose of it at times of high demand. One of the proposals, which is related to the present invention, is the use of electricity generated by photovoltaic cells to produce the electrolysis of water, obtaining storable hydrogen in fuel cells.
    [0014]
    [0015] There are several documents that disclose solutions that relate the production of hydrogen by electrolysis of water, obtaining the necessary electricity to carry out the reaction from photovoltaic panels.
    [0016]
    [0017] Document ES2315077A1 proposes a didactic demonstrator of the hydrogen solar cycle in order to show the advantages of combining renewable energies with an energy vector such as hydrogen. It consists of a distribution of photovoltaic panels placed on a roof whose captured solar energy is transformed into direct current used to trigger the electrolysis of water. The generated hydrogen and oxygen are used to run the fuel cell when necessary. With this proposal, an energy storage system (convertible into electrical energy that can be used) is available, using as its main resources the solar energy captured by photovoltaic cells and the water supplied by an external reservoir.
    [0018]
    [0019] Another document of interest is ES2325848A1, the invention of which also corresponds to a system for the production of hydrogen and electrical energy from photovoltaic energy. The plant proposed in this document is autonomous since during the day the solar panels provide enough energy to cover the different needs of the plant, the consumption it is intended for and obtaining hydrogen. In the absence of solar radiation, it is the fuel cell that provides energy to keep the plant running. The plant is also characterized by being portable and having a control system for monitoring and control.
    [0020]
    [0021] To carry out the electrolysis, electricity is provided by the photovoltaic panels and the water obtained from a storage tank. Hydrogen and oxygen are obtained as products. Oxygen can be stored in pressurized tanks or removed outside. Hydrogen is stored in metal hydride tanks and can be consumed in the fuel cell when the generation of electrical energy is required. For this reaction to occur, oxygen must be supplied by outside air.
    [0022]
    [0023] Given this description, two questions can be asked. On the one hand, for what purpose to use the obtained oxygen, being able to benefit from it and, on the other hand, how to minimize the consumption of air introduced to trigger the reaction in the fuel cell.
    [0024]
    [0025] A proposal to the first question is the one that can be found in document ES1040203U in which, in addition to using renewable energies such as solar energy for the production of hydrogen, it is proposed to use the oxygen obtained for medical treatments.
    [0026]
    [0027] Regarding the reduction of the air consumption in the cell, the aforementioned document, ES2315077A1, uses the oxygen obtained in the electrolysis in the reaction of the fuel cell.
    [0028]
    [0029] The documents cited use photovoltaic energy to obtain the electricity necessary for the electrolysis of water, however, other documents, such as ES2285911A1, generalize to renewable energy sources including in this group photovoltaic solar panels, wind turbines, hydroelectric turbines, units for obtaining hydrogen from biological substances .... This is because, as pointed out in previous lines, solar energy is not the only natural resource that can be used to obtain electrical energy; water and wind also allow this end.
    [0030]
    [0031] In this way, the production of hydrogen can also be carried out in wind installations such as the one proposed by document ES2299407A1.
    [0032]
    [0033] On the other hand, water, although it allows its exploitation as a natural energy resource, has a high value in terms of its direct consumption both for domestic use and for agricultural and livestock activities.
    [0034]
    [0035] Water is a theme addressed from various fields of study. It is a fluid capable of diluting and transporting other substances, as well as storing energy, however, its most relevant aspect is the need that humans have for it for their survival. For this reason, human beings have been constantly improving the technologies that allow them to be obtained and distributed.
    [0036] Currently, the problems that arise arise from the scarcity of this resource due to continued droughts and increases in demand with the growth of the world population. For this reason, a technological development in water collection systems is necessary.
    [0037]
    [0038] There is great diversity in the rainwater harvesting mechanisms that are proposed. It is possible to distinguish sensors intended to be hung from external elements, sensors to be placed on large horizontal surfaces and sensors that constitute a base and mast structural system.
    [0039]
    [0040] An example of the former is document ES1176033U that proposes an inflatable structure that hangs from an external element and that can be portable and collected in a bag or sack. WO2011084041 also constitutes a rainwater collector that is hung from a rigid exterior surface with the limitation of not supporting winds greater than 3 m / s or precipitation. Nor does it have an evacuation channel.
    [0041]
    [0042] Examples of systems that require large horizontal surfaces are US2005103329 and US2008034492. The first is a multipurpose system made up of a specular surface that reflects the rays that reach the focus of the parabola, be they radio electromagnetic waves, visible light or ultraviolet radiation, and which can also be used as a water collector. It needs to be located on a horizontal surface. The second is intended to collect rain or snow water, requiring a large surface area that is thus unusable for other purposes.
    [0043]
    [0044] Within the group of sensors with a base and mast structural system are various proposals such as those that appear in the documents: ES1068289U, ES1066376U, ES1068981U, WO2011012738, ES1135907U, ES1156658U, ES1163409U, ES1174810U, ES1179559U.
    [0045]
    [0046] Document ES1068289U discloses a three-dimensional prism-shaped structure with a square base intended to collect water from fog, rain and snow.
    [0047]
    [0048] Document ES1066376U discloses a collector similar to a conventional umbrella which presents the option of being deployed upwards so that it presents concavity upwards allowing the collection of water that can be stored in a tank.
    [0049]
    [0050] WO2011012738 discloses a cylindrical structure that collects rain by the principle of gravity that is stored in a tank which is connected to a drip irrigation tube that can be controlled by a timer or other control systems.
    [0051]
    [0052] Document ES1135907U discloses an extensible collection system that automatically deploys thanks to rain sensors. The collection surface is made of a material that can be altered depending on the volume of water accumulated, such as a plastic with a certain elasticity that allows it to increase its accumulation capacity by spreading with the weight of the water. This surface can be connected to a storage tank for the collected water. Note that the collection surface has a roll-up cover with a trolley (which can have articulated extension arms or guides) fixed to one end of said collection surface so that when rain is detected by the sensor, the collection surface it is extended by moving said trolley from an initial rest position to a final collection position.
    [0053]
    [0054] ES1156658U constitutes a collector similar to a conventional inverted umbrella that acts as a funnel that collects the water that falls on the surface of the fabric until it is led to a storage tank.
    [0055]
    [0056] Document ES1163409U is a portable catchment system with a folding mechanism for the flexible surface of the canvas held by rods linked to a tank for purification and storage. Highlight the presence of a leaf-removing mesh and wheels that allow its mobility.
    [0057]
    [0058] Document ES1174810U constitutes a collapsible rainwater collection system formed by a flexible and impermeable collection surface attached to a set of rods forming a pyramidal surface. The water is collected by a tubular mast and led to a storage tank. It should be noted that it has a protective cover intended to cover the sensor when it is folded and closed by means of a cord on the tubular mast.
    [0059] Finally, document ES1179559U presents a rainwater collection system that has a flexible, waterproof and stiffened collection surface by means of a series of rods that constitute a fan mechanism for folding and unfolding it. It has a variant for its application on facades and walls.
    [0060]
    [0061] Analyzing the previous documents, one of the problems that they present directly or indirectly is the spatial restriction. Large collection areas are required for the amount of collected water to be sufficient to be considered as profitable rainwater harvesting facilities. However, if an installation or collector plant similar to a photovoltaic plate installation is available, the surface necessary for its placement would require large dimensions with the threat of being able to make that land unusable for other purposes.
    [0062]
    [0063] Therefore, the system object of the invention takes advantage of a synergy between rain collector plants and renewable energy plants such as a photovoltaic panel plant or a wind farm.
    [0064]
    [0065] The system object of the invention proposes the incorporation of a rain collection system in the mast of a photovoltaic panel and / or a wind turbine, which would originate an installation in which, at the same time that electrical energy is produced by renewable sources, water can be collected so necessary in periods of drought.
    [0066]
    [0067] If the possibility of using the collected water for the production of hydrogen with the aim of storing energy is added to this proposal, taking advantage of the electricity generated in the panels or in the wind turbine to produce the electrolysis of the water, stored energy would be available for its subsequent use and obtained in an economically profitable way.
    [0068]
    [0069] In this line is the document WO2016092567A1 which constitutes a solar energy and rainwater collection system aimed at its use in countries with water shortages such as India. The system consists of at least one canopy that is installed to capture rainwater in the open space, with an inverted cone-like structure to capture water and at least one discharge opening for the exit of the captured water, where the canopy is designed in such a way that the water inside the canopy flows into the discharge opening. It also includes a storage unit to store the captured water, a connection means, which extends from the awning discharge opening to the storage unit to allow the flow of the captured water from the awning to the storage unit and from the minus two adapted filter media between the canopy and the storage unit to filter the captured water, where the filter media and connecting means are designed to maintain the required flow rate of the captured water from the canopy to the storage unit. The connection means comprise a funnel-shaped structure below the discharge opening of the cover to maintain the required flow rate of the captured water from the cover to the storage unit. The connecting means also acts as a holding means to keep the awning in the open space. The possibility of removably or fixedly attaching a solar module to capture solar energy is presented to the awning or to a support mast. The solar module consists of at least one solar panel and a solar tracking device to orient the solar panels based on sunlight. It is a solar panel that constitutes a wedge-shaped structure (as it is the optimal arrangement that favors the circulation of water) so that the individual panels rest on the spokes, preventing the structural cables from causing shadows. The solar module is foldable and allows multiple solar panels to overlap when solar harvesting is not required. The solar energy generated from the solar module can be stored in a battery or can be connected to the grid through an inverter for immediate use. This system was created with the aim of serving as a rain collector in India during the monsoon and as a collector of solar energy the rest of the year. At the same time it allows its use for other uses as a shade element in parks, terraces, parking lots ...
    [0070]
    [0071] Document WO2016092567A1 proposes a fixed structure in the form of an inverted umbrella intended to collect rainwater, while the system object of the invention proposes a system of extendable fan-shaped arms that is mounted on masts of photovoltaic panels and / or wind turbines in existing or new plants.
    [0072]
    [0073] In the system object of the invention, the water collection system is mounted on a photovoltaic solar panel, while in document WO2016092567A1 it is the solar module made up of solar panels that is mounted on the structure intended for collecting water.
    [0074] On the other hand, the water collected in each case has different uses. In document WO2016092567A1 the water is intended for consumption after purification. In the system proposed in this document, water can have different uses. The use that is considered most efficient and profitable is its use for the production of hydrogen through the electrolysis of water so that it is possible to dispose of stored energy in the form of a fuel cell. One of the secondary uses, but no less important, is drip irrigation in crops or trees located in the same plot (s) as the plant or in adjacent plots so that its distribution is profitable. Another use is to supply water to livestock or animals. A final mode of use is its use as a means of cooling the panels by spraying.
    [0075]
    [0076] As for the use of energy produced by solar panels, both systems also differ. In document WO2016092567A1 the energy obtained is used, on the one hand, for night lighting and, on the other hand, to be stored in a battery and distributed daily. In the system object of the invention, the electrical energy obtained in the photovoltaic panels is used in the electrolysis of water for the production of hydrogen or supplied to the network when the production of hydrogen is not required or it is more necessary to program any of the uses secondary.
    [0077]
    [0078] On the other hand, the water catchment structure of document WO2016092567A1 is fixed so that it always acts as a shadow element while the system object of the invention allows the water catchment surface to unfold only when precipitation occurs. In this way, the system object of the invention does not act as a shadow element, being able to cultivate the lands in which the photovoltaic solar plant or the wind farm is installed, which would be impossible with a shadow element given the absence of the sun. Combining a renewable plant with a crop allows efficient use of the soil.
    [0079]
    [0080] Finally, the system object of the invention allows, as already indicated, its assembly in existing plants, while the system of document WO2016092567A1 does not allow its integration on existing elements.
    [0081]
    [0082] Description of the Invention
    [0083] With the aim of improving the systems known in the state of the art, the invention It proposes a rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, where the renewable energy plant has a mast.
    [0084]
    [0085] The system object of the invention comprises a collecting umbrella configured to open and close around the mast, a plurality of parapet plates located around the mast configured to emerge from the ground, and a distribution tank configured to receive the water collected by the collecting umbrella, a storage tank connected to the distribution tank, and a hydrogen tank connected to the distribution tank.
    [0086]
    [0087] In the system object of the invention, the distribution tank and the hydrogen tank are joined by a first line where an electrolytic cell is located and by a second line where a hydrogen cell is located, such that with the water circulating through the first conduction from the distribution tank to the hydrogen tank, the electrolytic cell decomposes the water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen to introduce hydrogen into the hydrogen tank through a compressor and withdraw oxygen through an outlet to the atmosphere, and such that with hydrogen circulating through the second line from the hydrogen tank to the distribution tank when passing through the hydrogen cell and after supplying atmospheric oxygen, electricity and water are generated.
    [0088]
    [0089] In the rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant object of the invention, the collecting umbrella comprises a plurality of rods configured to fold and unfold and open the collecting umbrella, and a membrane, of resistant canvas and flexible, attached to the rods by a slit located on the inside of the rods.
    [0090]
    [0091] In the rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant object of the invention, each rod has a pin at a lower end to join a base support and rotate without leaving its plane.
    [0092]
    [0093] The rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant object of the invention comprises a first cable that connects the upper end of each rod with the mast and descends through a tube to a first underground coil, and a hydraulic cylinder on each rod, joined by one end to the rod at a distance from the lower end of the rod and on the other end to the mast at a distance from the base of the mast, such that by means of an interaction of the first underground coil, winding and unwinding the first cable, with the cylinder hydraulic, pushing and picking up the rods, the collector umbrella is opened and closed.
    [0094]
    [0095] The rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant object of the invention comprises a funnel between the collecting umbrella and the distribution tank, such that the funnel comprises a primary filter, with a superficial grid for large debris and a secondary filter for finer particles.
    [0096]
    [0097] The rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant object of the invention may comprise a telescopic cylindrical segment cover configured to cover the collecting umbrella when it is in the closed position.
    [0098]
    [0099] The cover of the rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant object of the invention may comprise a plurality of cylindrical segments and a fixed upper cylindrical segment that acts as a cover for the cover.
    [0100]
    [0101] The rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant object of the invention may comprise a second cable that fixes the upper fixed cylindrical segment to the lower cylindrical segment and joins the other cylindrical segments, such that all the cylindrical segments are connected by the second cable, so that a second underground coil picks up the second cable and raises the cylindrical segments to the upper fixed cylindrical segment releasing the collecting umbrella in the closed position.
    [0102]
    [0103] This cover for the collector umbrella can also be optionally powered by hydraulic cylinders inside which are in turn powered by the installation's own hydraulic group.
    [0104]
    [0105] The rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant object of the invention comprises a plurality of Underground covers configured to house the parapet plates.
    [0106]
    [0107] The rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant object of the invention may comprise two hydraulic cylinders, located on the sides of the parapet plate to extract each parapet plate from its underground cover.
    [0108]
    [0109] The rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant object of the invention comprises a hydraulic equipment configured to drive the pneumatic cylinders to raise and lower the parapet plates, and to drive the hydraulic cylinder of the rods.
    [0110]
    [0111] In the rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant object of the invention, each rod can be made up of telescopic sections.
    [0112]
    [0113] There is a second embodiment of the collector umbrella of the rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant object of the invention, where the collector umbrella comprises a plurality of rigid fan-shaped plates, such that each plate Rigid is attached to an outer mast and to a slider by an inner end, such that the outer mast houses a wheel mechanism and such that at least one outer mast houses an electric motor to move at least one rigid plate on the slider.
    [0114]
    [0115] Brief description of the drawings
    [0116] To complement the description that will be made below and in order to help a better understanding of the characteristics of the invention, the present descriptive memory is accompanied by a set of drawings based on which the innovations and advantages of the system object of the invention.
    [0117]
    [0118] Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the system object of the invention without including the tanks.
    [0119]
    [0120] Figure 2 shows a schematic view of the system object of the invention in the embodiment of a wind power plant.
    [0121] Figure 3 shows a schematic view of the cover of the collecting umbrella around a mast and its raising and lowering system in the realization of a wind power plant.
    [0122]
    [0123] Figure 4 shows a schematic plan view of the system object of the invention showing the first embodiment of the collecting umbrella and the parapet plates.
    [0124]
    [0125] Figure 5 shows a schematic view of the collector umbrella cover around a mast and its raising and lowering system in the realization of a solar plant.
    [0126]
    [0127] Figure 6 shows a side view of a parapet plate outside the underground sheath with photovoltaic panels on its surface.
    [0128]
    [0129] Figure 7 shows a rod formed by telescopic sections.
    [0130]
    [0131] Figure 8 shows a plan view of the system object of the invention in the embodiment of the collecting umbrella formed by rigid plates.
    [0132]
    [0133] Figure 9 shows a view of a rigid plate of which they form the collecting umbrella.
    [0134]
    [0135] Figure 10 shows a side view of the wheel mechanism that displaces the rigid plates of the collecting umbrella of the system object of the invention.
    [0136]
    [0137] The different numerical references that are reflected in the figure correspond to the following elements:
    [0138] 1. mast,
    [0139] 2. collector umbrella,
    [0140] 3. parapet plate,
    [0141] 4. underground case
    [0142] 5. rod,
    [0143] 6. membrane,
    [0144] 7. pin,
    [0145] 8. base bracket,
    [0146] 9. first cable,
    [0147] 10. tube,
    [0148] 11. first underground coil,
    [0149] Detailed description of the invention
    [0150] The object of the invention is a rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant, such that the plant has a mast (1), around which a rainwater collector is placed, configured by a collecting umbrella (2 ) and a plurality of parapet plates (3) located around the mast (1) as a wind parapet.
    [0151] The collecting umbrella (2) of the system object of the invention, has the ability to fold and unfold around the mast (1), so that, if there is no rain, the mast (1) of the renewable energy plant simply has around it a structure that does not interfere with its main mission.
    [0152]
    [0153] To the parapet plates (3) of the system object of the invention it also happens that, if the system object of the invention is not being used, they are housed inside underground covers (4) around the mast (1) of the renewable energy plant, and it is when the system object of the invention is used when the parapet plates (3) emerge from the ground and are placed around the mast (1) protecting the system object of the invention from the wind.
    [0154]
    [0155] In a first embodiment of the collecting umbrella (2), said collecting umbrella (2) comprises:
    [0156] - a plurality of rods (5) that fold and unfold to unfold the collecting umbrella (2); Y
    [0157] - a membrane (6), of resistant and flexible canvas, attached to the rods (5) by a slit on the inside of the rods (5).
    [0158]
    [0159] The rods (5) are made of rigid metal or carbon fiber and each rod (5) has at the lower end, a pin (7) that allows it to be attached to a base support (8) and rotate without leaving its plane. To maintain the tension of the rod (5) and for the opening and closing operation of the collecting umbrella (2), the system object of the invention comprises a first cable (9) that connects the upper end of each rod (5) with the mast (1) and which descends through a tube (10) to a first underground coil (11), in addition to each rod (5) the system object of the invention comprises a hydraulic cylinder (12) connected at one end to the rod (5) at a distance from the lower end of the rod (5) and on the other end to the mast (1) at a distance from the base thereof.
    [0160] Thus, through the interaction of the first underground coil (11), winding and unwinding the first cable (9), and the hydraulic cylinder (12), pushing and picking up the rods (5), the opening and closing of the umbrella is carried out collector (2).
    [0161]
    [0162] The rods (5), at their lower end, are located inside a funnel (14), so that, when the collecting umbrella (2) is open, all the rain that catches the collecting umbrella (2) is directed towards said funnel (14) through a lower outlet (13) of the collecting umbrella (2) that coincides with the funnel (14).
    [0163]
    [0164] In an alternative embodiment of the rods (5), each rod (5) is formed by telescopic sections, which unfold and fold to form the complete rod (5).
    [0165]
    [0166] Each rod (5) when the collector umbrella (2) has been opened forms an angle with the ground, which is low, so, to avoid that the incident wind puts too much load on the collector umbrella (2), it may be necessary, the deployment of the parapet plates (3), so that the rod (5) is covered by the parapet plates (3), which deflect a direct wind flow on the collecting umbrella (2).
    [0167]
    [0168] There is a second embodiment of the collecting umbrella (2), in which said collecting umbrella (2) comprises a plurality of rigid plates (43), which are fan-shaped and unfold to form said collecting umbrella (2). The rigid plates (43) are attached to the base of the mast (1) by the inner end, by means of a slider (47), which allows circular sliding to the rigid plates (43), in addition each rigid plate (43) is joined to an outer mast (44) through which each rigid plate (43) rests on the ground. On the mast (44) a wheel mechanism (46) is located on which it rests on the ground, which in turn has an electric motor (45) to move the rigid plates (43) and perform the deployment and collector umbrella fold (2). The rigid plates (43) describe a circumference superimposing in height one on top of the other, so that the rainwater when falling makes a downward path on the rigid plates (43) such that each rigid plate (43) pours into the next In turn, all the rigid plates (43) pour into the collecting funnel (14).
    [0169]
    [0170] The funnel (14) has a primary filter (25), with a superficial grid for large residues and a secondary filter (26) for finer particles. Subsequently, the water collected by the collecting umbrella (2) accesses a distribution tank (27), which is connected to a larger storage tank (28) that the distribution tank (27), and the distribution tank (27) is also connected with a hydrogen tank (29).
    [0171]
    [0172] The connection of the distribution tank (27) with the hydrogen tank (29), in this sense of fluid circulation, is carried out after feeding by means of an electrolytic cell (30), where after applying a voltage, the water molecule is split in hydrogen and oxygen, so that the produced hydrogen is introduced into the hydrogen tank (29) by means of a compressor (31), and the oxygen is removed from the process by an outlet to the atmosphere (32).
    [0173]
    [0174] In the opposite direction of fluid circulation, the hydrogen returns to the distribution tank (27) from the hydrogen tank (29) as water, after passing through a hydrogen cell (33), where after supplying atmospheric oxygen, it is released previously stored energy.
    [0175]
    [0176] The inlet flow is controlled by an intake valve (34). When the system detects that the system tanks are full or in case of some internal problem, the intake valve (34) closes.
    [0177]
    [0178] When the collected water reaches a level inside the distribution tank (28), the system object of the invention begins to divert the water to the storage tank (28).
    [0179]
    [0180] The distribution tank (27) is a key part of the system object of the invention, inside it the water level is kept within constant limits, if the level exceeds the upper limit, the water is led to the storage tank (28); if, on the other hand, the level drops too low due to the generation of hydrogen, the distribution tank (27) pumps water to the hydrogen tank (29), until the level recovers.
    [0181]
    [0182] As there is an energy surplus, either due to low sales prices, the need for self-storage or due to a lack of demand, the distribution tank (27), which always maintains a high level due to replacement through return by the hydrogen cell (33 ) or through the storage tank (28), water begins to drip to the electrolytic cell (30).
    [0183] Subsequently, faced with the need for self-consumption, high prices or high electrical demands, the stored hydrogen is injected into the hydrogen cell (33), together with atmospheric oxygen, so that electricity and water are generated and return to the distribution tank (27). .
    [0184]
    [0185] The hydrogen tank (29) in the preferred embodiment of the invention is double chamber to minimize leaks, in said hydrogen tank (29) the hydrogen is stored at high pressures, given by the compressor in the inlet pipe. The hydrogen tank (29) also has a direct outlet to the outside (42).
    [0186]
    [0187] The management of the water stored in the storage tank (28) is carried out by means of a first pump (36) and a second pump (37). The first pump (36) propels water towards the distribution tank (27) when it needs replacements, either by evaporative filtrations or by hydrogen generation. The second pump (37) allows an average flow of water to rise to a tank in height (38), so that an external point of consumption is established or to send it to other tanks at distant facilities through a tank outlet to the interconnection pipe of storage tanks (41).
    [0188]
    [0189] In the first embodiment of the collecting umbrella (2), when the collecting umbrella (2) is in the closed position, it is inside a cover (15) of telescopic cylindrical segments (16) which, in the preferred embodiment of the invention, It is a reinforcement of segments of metallic or plastic material, which expand telescopically, where the cylindrical segments (16) located in a higher position, have a smaller diameter than the cylindrical segments (16) located in a lower position, in addition each segment cylindrical (16) has a ring at the base. The cover (15) also comprises a fixed upper cylindrical segment (17) that acts as a cover for the cover (15).
    [0190]
    [0191] From the base of the mast (1), a second cable (18) ascends to the upper fixed cylindrical segment (17) passing through the rings of the cylindrical segments (16), so that all the cylindrical segments (16) are connected by the second cable (18), minus the lowest cylindrical segment, on whose rings the second cable (18) is fixed.
    [0192]
    [0193] In this way, when the second cable (18) contracts, the lower cylindrical segment drags the other cylindrical segments (16) upwards, so that they picking up telescopically, until its final position, where the cover (15) is collected stuck to the upper fixed cylindrical segment (17). In the deployment, the cylindrical segments (16) have the reverse maneuver, falling by gravity at the rate with which the second cable (18) is unwound.
    [0194]
    [0195] To contract the second cable (18) that collects the cylindrical segments (16), the system object of the invention comprises a second underground coil (35) operated by an electric motor (24).
    [0196]
    [0197] In the embodiment of the collecting umbrella (2) formed by rigid plates (43), there is no cover (15), the fan being collected on a single rigid plate (43) upon folding.
    [0198]
    [0199] The parapet plates (3), are surfaces of large dimensions, which form a polygon around the collector umbrella (2) on as many sides as rods (5) have the collector umbrella (2).
    [0200]
    [0201] To extract each parapet plate (3) from its underground cover (4), the system object of the invention comprises a raising and lowering mechanism, which has two hydraulic cylinders (19), located on the sides of the parapet plate (3 ).
    [0202]
    [0203] To operate the pneumatic cylinders (19) of the mechanism for raising and lowering the parapet plates, and to operate the hydraulic cylinder (12) of the rods (5), the system object of the invention comprises hydraulic equipment (20) located in the ground, in a position between the parapet plates (3) and the mast (1).
    [0204]
    [0205] The underground covers (4) where the parapet plates (3) are housed, if not in use, have a rectangular base (21) and an upper opening (22), through which the parapet plate (3) leaves and enters the cover. underground (4).
    [0206]
    [0207] In windmill installations, these parapet plates (3) can have solar panels (23) on the surface, they can be orientable towards the sun, by rotating the parapet plate (3) on a transverse axis that joins the two ends of the hydraulic cylinders (19) located on the sides of the parapet plate (3), and so that by means of the action of an electric motor (24), the solar panels (23) can be deployed and oriented to the sun as a source of additional electrical generation.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]
    1. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, where the renewable energy plant has a mast (1), characterized in that the system includes:
    - a collecting umbrella (2) configured to open and close around the mast (1),
    - a plurality of parapet plates (3) located around the mast (1) configured to emerge from the ground,
    - a distribution tank (27) configured to receive the water collected by the collecting umbrella (2),
    - a storage tank (28) connected to the distribution tank (27), and
    - a hydrogen tank (29) connected to the distribution tank (27), where the distribution tank (27) and the hydrogen tank (29) are joined by a first line (39) where an electrolytic cell is located ( 30) and by a second line (40) where a hydrogen cell (33) is located, such that with the water circulating through the first line (39) from the distribution tank (27) to the hydrogen tank (29) , the electrolytic cell (30) divides water molecules into hydrogen and oxygen to introduce hydrogen into the hydrogen tank (29) by means of a compressor (31) and withdraw oxygen through an outlet to the atmosphere (32), and such that with hydrogen circulating through the second line (40) from the hydrogen tank (29) to the distribution tank (27) when passing through the hydrogen cell (33) and after supplying atmospheric oxygen, electricity and water are generated.
    [2]
    2. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting umbrella (2) comprises:
    - a plurality of rods (5) configured to fold and unfold and open the collecting umbrella (2), and
    - a membrane (6), made of strong and flexible canvas, attached to the rods (5) by a slit located on the inside of the rods (5).
    [3]
    3. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, according to claim 2 characterized in that each rod (5) has a pin (7) at a lower end to join a base support (8) and rotate without leaving its plane.
    [4]
    4. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that it comprises:
    - a first cable (9) that connects the upper end of each rod (5) with the mast (1) and that descends through a tube (10) to a first underground coil (11), - a hydraulic cylinder (12) in each rod, attached at one end to the rod (5) at a distance from the lower end of the rod (5) and at the other end to the mast (1) at a distance from the base of the mast (1),
    where by means of an interaction of the first underground coil (11), winding and unwinding the first cable (9) with the hydraulic cylinder (12), pushing and collecting the rods (5), the opening and closing of the collecting umbrella (2) is carried out ).
    [5]
    5. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, according to any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it comprises a funnel (14) between the collecting umbrella (2) and the distribution tank (27), such that the funnel (14) comprises a primary filter (25), a surface mesh filter for large residues and a secondary filter (26) for finer particles.
    [6]
    6. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, according to any of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it comprises a cover (15) of telescopic cylindrical segments (16) configured to cover the umbrella collector (2) when in closed position.
    [7]
    7. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, according to claim 6, characterized in that the cover (15) comprises a plurality of cylindrical segments (16) and an upper fixed cylindrical segment (17 ) that acts as a cover for the cover (15).
    [8]
    8. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, according to claim 7, characterized in that it comprises a second cable (18) that fixes the upper fixed cylindrical segment (17) to the lower cylindrical segment (16) and joins the other cylindrical segments (16), such that all the cylindrical segments (16) are connected by the second cable (18), so that a second underground coil (35) collects the second cable (18) and raises the cylindrical segments (16) to the upper fixed cylindrical segment (17 ) releasing the collector umbrella (2) in the closed position.
    [9]
    9. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, according to any of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that it comprises a plurality of underground covers (4) configured to house the parapet plates (3) .
    [10]
    10. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, according to claim 9, characterized in that it comprises two hydraulic cylinders (19), located on the sides of the parapet plate (3) to extract each parapet plate (3) of its underground cover (4).
    [11]
    11. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, according to claim 10, characterized in that it comprises hydraulic equipment (20) configured to drive the pneumatic cylinders (19) to raise and lower the parapet plates, and to operate the hydraulic cylinder (12) of the rods (5).
    [12]
    12. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, according to any of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that each rod (5) is made up of telescopic sections.
    [13]
    13. Rainwater collection system in a renewable energy plant for energy optimization of the plant, according to claim 1, characterized in that the collecting umbrella (2) comprises a plurality of rigid plates (43) in the shape of a fan, such that each rigid plate (43) is attached to an outer mast (44) and, at one inner end, to a slider (47) attached to the floor mast (1), such that the outer mast (44) houses a wheels (46) and such that at least one outer mast (44) houses an electric motor (45) for moving at least one rigid plate (43) on the slide (47).
    类似技术:
    公开号 | 公开日 | 专利标题
    Hassanien et al.2016|Advanced applications of solar energy in agricultural greenhouses
    WO2020049198A1|2020-03-12|Rain water collection system in a renewable energy plant for the energy optimisation of the plant
    US20140366929A1|2014-12-18|System and method for solar energy utilization
    KR101110374B1|2012-03-13|Eco-friendly pergola
    DE102013002825A1|2014-08-21|Agricultural and photovoltaic | installation has network-independent water supply which is provided with rainwater collection system, irrigation system for irrigation of agricultural subsoil and cooling system for cooling PV modules
    ES2575020T3|2016-06-23|Greenhouse and system to generate electricity and cultivation in greenhouses
    TW200526113A|2005-08-16|Agricultural module and system
    JP6830537B2|2021-02-17|Solar panel assembly
    KR101202771B1|2012-11-19|Constructs for cultivating semi-shade plants
    GB2472041A|2011-01-26|Greenhouse having a system of watering by collecting condensate
    EP2856517A2|2015-04-08|System and method of cooling of photovoltaic panel and method of installation of system
    CN204070238U|2015-01-07|The insect-killing device that a kind of wind energy is combined with solar energy
    ES1174810U|2017-01-24|Rainwater collection system with folding sensor |
    WO2013183002A2|2013-12-12|System and method of cooling of photovoltaic panel and method of installation of system
    CN205511795U|2016-08-31|High -efficient energy -conserving lawn of solar energy insecticidal lamp
    GB2501460A|2013-10-30|A solar assisted rotatable shading frame
    CN107926374B|2019-07-19|A kind of multifunctional all experiment shed
    KR102114528B1|2020-05-22|Energy collection device for air purification in planted water
    George et al.2013|ADAM, intelligent integrated self-enhanced photovoltaic panel with Rainwater harvesting for Irrigation, unit cooling and cleaning
    CN103790431A|2014-05-14|Solar courtyard type covering lighting device
    KR20130005255A|2013-01-15|Architectural structures combined with photovoltaic devices
    RU2760162C1|2021-11-22|Autonomous greenhouse with night heating and daytime ventilation using solar energy
    RU2570997C2|2015-12-20|Greenhouse module
    ES1179559U|2017-03-28|Collapsible rainwater harvesting system with linked deposit |
    CN214144439U|2021-09-07|Roof panel structure for housing construction
    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    WO2020049198A1|2020-03-12|
    ES2746030B2|2021-03-11|
    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    FR2371554A1|1976-11-19|1978-06-16|Hugonnet Ets|Plant for regulating pressure of domestic water supply - has storage tank with pressure controlled motorised force type pump|
    EP0163180A2|1984-05-25|1985-12-04|VOEST-ALPINE KREMS Gesellschaft m.b.H.|Lifting gate|
    DE102012021255A1|2012-10-30|2014-04-30|Bruno Gruber|Static umbrella used as sunshade and rain protector, has several through holes that are provided in water-permeable region, and water collector that is arranged below the water-permeable region|
    WO2015063349A1|2013-10-29|2015-05-07|Ramos Agundo Octavio|Electrolysis system for producing hydrogen, oxygen and electrical energy using renewable energy and a mixture of desalinated sea water and different chemical components|
    CN204036924U|2014-08-29|2014-12-24|合肥海德数控液压设备有限公司|Four-column hydraulic press telescopic post protective cover|
    WO2016092567A1|2014-12-07|2016-06-16|Vakil Priya|System for solar and rainwater harvesting in open spaces|
    US20170051665A1|2015-08-20|2017-02-23|Hydrogen Engine Center|Devices, Systems and Methods for Closed Loop Energy Production|
    ES1174810U|2016-12-07|2017-01-24|Your Own Water S.A. |Rainwater collection system with folding sensor |
    CN111642273A|2020-06-23|2020-09-11|丁水生|Prevent heavy rainfall and discount gardens flower planting case of boughs|
    CN111962607A|2020-08-11|2020-11-20|新生人类聪明蒸馏水机（深圳）有限公司|Natural distilled water collecting device|
    法律状态:
    2020-03-04| BA2A| Patent application published|Ref document number: 2746030 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: A1 Effective date: 20200304 |
    2021-03-11| FG2A| Definitive protection|Ref document number: 2746030 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: B2 Effective date: 20210311 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    ES201830865A|ES2746030B2|2018-09-04|2018-09-04|RAINWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM IN A RENEWABLE ENERGY PLANT FOR ENERGY OPTIMIZATION OF SUCH PLANT|ES201830865A| ES2746030B2|2018-09-04|2018-09-04|RAINWATER COLLECTION SYSTEM IN A RENEWABLE ENERGY PLANT FOR ENERGY OPTIMIZATION OF SUCH PLANT|
    PCT/ES2019/070543| WO2020049198A1|2018-09-04|2019-07-31|Rain water collection system in a renewable energy plant for the energy optimisation of the plant|
    [返回顶部]